How to write a cover letter

A strong cover letter will highlight your relevant skills and experience and explain why you are a good fit for a job or opportunity.

Photo by Andrea Piacquadio at Pexels

Here we give an overview of how to format your letter along with top tips on how to create a strong cover letter and what to avoid. We have also included an downloadable template for your reference.

How to format your letter:

Include your name, email and contact number, also your website and social media links if appropriate.
Use the same font, style and design features as your CV or portfolio to create a group of documents that sit together.
Include details of the role you are applying for in the email subject line.
Keep your cover letter to approximately one page and 400 words long.

Download resource

Cover letter template.Word doc (14KB)Download

Top tips for a strong cover letter:

Start with a unique opening paragraph - think about ways in which you can grab the readers attention from the start, you could consider beginning with a strong belief statement or relevant achievement.
Always tailor to the organisation - thoroughly research the company before you write your letter and always rewrite your cover letter every time you apply for a different position; remember that sending out a generic letter will show a lack of time and effort.
Highlight why you're a great fit - the aim of any cover letter is to make a case for why you would be the best person for the position. Thorough research into the company and role will help you to decide which relevant skills and experience to reference in your letter.
Identify your USPs - these are your unique selling points. Think about the unique skills you have to offer and clearly outline how they match those outlined in the job or opportunity specification.
Include examples - always use real examples to show how and when you've used your skills and experience in daily life or within previous roles.
Always proofread and edit- it's really important to make sure to read through your cover letter carefully and check for typos and grammatical errors, it's a good idea to ask a friend or relative to proofread for you too if possible.

Speculative cover letters:

You would send a speculative cover letter to an organisation that you would like to work for, rather than for a specific advertised postition. You can use the same format and guides, but you should include a detailed explaination as to why you are contacting the organisation, for example, you may have a specific reason that you believe they would benefit from your knowledge and skill set.

Things to avoid when writing a cover letter:

Failing to proofread your letter- grammatical errors and typos show a lack of care and effort.
Rewriting your CV - your cover letter should not mearly repeat the contents of your CV. Make it as specific to the position and organisation as possible.
Underselling yourself - you have been attracted to this position because you feel you are a good fit, make sure you make the best case for yourself as possible.
Focusing on what the company can do for you - remember that they are looking for the best person for this position within their company, focus on what you can offer them.
Being overly friendly - show your unique personality and skills but always keep it professional.

Links to relevant articles

Indeed: Cover letter examples

UAL: Cover letters learning guide

Prospects: Cover letter tips